Odesa observed its two hundredth birthday in 1994. The site of the present-day city had been settled by various peoples and tribes since prehistoric times. In 1415 the Ottoman Turks established a settlement called Khadzhibei. It was captured by the Russian army and a Ukrainian division of Kozaks during the Russo-Turkish War of 1787 to 1791. The Russians rebuilt it from 1792 to 1794 as a fortress and naval port and named it "Odessa" because they mistakenly believed that it was the site of an ancient Greek colony, Odessos. (In the Ukrainian language, Odesa is spelled with only one s.)
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